Nursing Breastfeeding Practices Among Working Women

Question: Portray about the Nursing for Breastfeeding Practices Among Working Women. Answer: Article 1 Critique: Breastfeeding Experiences among Taiwan Nurses Article Prepared by Wu, Kuo and Lin (2008) The title, Breastfeeding encounters among Taiwan Nurses completely portray the article. It compactly portrays the breastfeeding encounters that medical caretakers looked during their days of work in a far reaching way (Wu, Kuo and Lin, 2008). The title recommended all the key factors like breastfeeding, rotational moves and attendants so as to attempt the examination. The theoretical of the article obviously sums up the primary highlights of the exploration paper by expressing the point of the article which was to depict the encounters of ten three-move medical caretakers and how they made the breastfeeding courses of action (Wu, Kuo and Lin, 2008). The procedure is very much portrayed, that is, the subjective methodology was utilized and information was gathered through semi-organized meetings. The discoveries and the finish of the article are brought out plainly in the theoretical. Be that as it may, the difficult articulation isn't expressed in the theoretical. In the presentation, the scientist drew out the issue proclamation obviously. There was a low pace of ladies who breastfeed their infants solely up to the suggested age of a half year. This is on the grounds that there are places where medical attendants who breastfeed still go to work even in nightshifts. The outcome is that medical caretakers at Taiwan have issues in finding some kind of harmony among working and breastfeeding (Friedrich, 2016).The issue proclamation fabricates a fitting and influential contention to concoct aftereffects of the encounters the attendants at Taiwan have. The issue articulation in the examination is certainly having an extraordinary importance in nursing and particularly for the medical attendants and the guidance they would offer to their female partners. The presentation doesn't give a decent match between the exploration issue and the techniques that were utilized to complete the investigation The article has a thorough report plan. Subjective techniques were utilized to get data about breastfeeding encounters from10 baby blues females. The investigation configuration gave a decent correlation of the medical attendants individual encounters, key expressions, self-stories and different articulations that straightforwardly identified with the wonder being referred to (Wu, Kuo and Lin, 2008). The investigation configuration was proper in that it diminished the outside legitimacy and dangers that could happen. As per the analyst, the methods were viewed as suitable in verbalization of an assortment of past encounters and convictions. In Sampling and testing, the scientists adequately picked an example populace that would give the necessary data. This was finished by sorting the picked test into; attendants working in rotational movements, nurture that had been breastfeeding for about a month and a half and medical caretakers that were breastfeeding in their first pregnancy (Friedrich, 2016). A snowball approach was utilized in the enrollment of the members so as to improve the representativeness of the examples and diminish inclinations (Artzi-Medvedik, Chertok and Romem, 2011). The size of the example was likewise sufficient to give the right data. The information assortment process unmistakably had the operational and calculated definitions that were harmonious. The key factors were placed into activity through meetings that were completely depleted for 1.5 to 2 hours as the analysts clarify. The meetings were likewise rehashed on the off chance that there was an interference by relatives (Onis, 2007). Adequate subtleties were acquired from the medical attendants as they were left to peruse and check terms in verbatim drafts. As indicated by the reason for the investigation, that is, to form bits of knowledge into the effect of work factors on breastfeeding encounters on move work attendants; there was sufficient utilization of logical instruments in information assortment. This included doing of meetings pseudonymously to ensure the personality of each member. The report gave proof that the strategies utilized yielded substantial information that can exceptionally be depended on for the example size was adequate for immersion . The system satisfactorily depicted the three-advance procedure and how members were met at once. There were mediations during the meetings however they were not satisfactorily depicted in the article (Onis, 2007). There was legitimate usage of re-meeting the medical attendants on the off chance that the meetings were hindered by a relative. Information was gathered inside and out to limit inclination in light of the fact that the example sizes were sufficient for immersion, to a limited extent that information assortment didn't yield new bits of knowledge. The discoveries were given supporting contentions. Medical attendants discovered fitting opportunity to communicate milk, understanding the situation between dealing with patients and communicating their bosom milk (Netshandama, 2012).The discoveries needed introduction in a summed up path with utilization of extracts in the discoveries. It would have been exceptional if the discoveries were introduced in figures and tables. The topics in the discoveries tried to catch the importance of the information and the specialist acceptably conceptualized the subjects created from the investigation (Wu, Kuo and Lin, 2008). In the conversation, there is understanding of the significant discoveries that are deciphered inside the setting of the studys structure. Understandings of the outcomes are additionally steady with the examination and study impediments (Wu, Kuo and Lin, 2008). The conversation draws easygoing inductions. One of the ends inferred was that in spite of the medical caretakers working conditions, all the females had the equivalent breastfeeding conditions. Article 2 Critique: Emerging Breastfeeding Trends among Singaporean Women Article arranged by Foo (2005) The title of this report is very more. It conveys and calls attention to the examination populace. The title doesn't draw out the key factors utilized in completing the examination. The analysts simply brought up the rising patterns in the Singaporean Chinese ladies (Foo, 2005). One can contend out that the scientist would have determined the major developing pattern among the predetermined gathering of ladies. The reports conceptual was incredibly done. The strategies utilized are additionally unmistakably recorded and unbalanced irregular examining technique was utilized. The outcomes were introduced in rates. An end was incorporated the last piece of the theoretical that breastfeeding mindfulness benefits is ascending in Singapore however wellbeing arrangements may need to focus on the less instructed ladies in future (Foo, 2005). The theoretical anyway neglects to draw out the issue proclamation of the exploration. In the presentation, the analyst draws out the issue articulation of the exploration in a reasonable and an unambiguous way. A peruser can plainly observe that real breastfeeding rehearses miss the mark concerning the necessary rules to breastfeed infants to as long as a half year. The issue explanation at that point constructs a powerful contention or issue that should be illuminated (Jakubec and Astle, 2012). The exploration issue is noteworthy in nursing for the data got would be utilized to teach the breastfeeding moms in Singapore. The presentation records a decent match between the exploration issue and the strategies utilized for a quantitative methodology. Research structure of the report was thoroughly done by the motivation behind the report. The quantities of information assortment focuses were fitting since they utilized lopsided defined arbitrary inspecting strategies for a predefined time of youngsters (Jakubec and Astle, 2012). To decrease predispositions, the scientist ensured that all the clinical assessments were done via prepared experts. Weakening minimization has not been brought out well in the examination plan. In inspecting and testing, the example populace was distinguished. There were a sum of 3009 kids that took part in the investigation. The scientists neglect to depict the example in adequate subtleties. Taking a gander at the example size of 3009 kids that took part would be too enormous to even think about taking consideration of. The testing configuration was anyway proper in light of the fact that there was lopsided picking of test youngsters in an arbitrary way (Foo, 2005). The example predispositions would have been diminished by lessening the example size. Information assortment was amazingly done by having operational and theoretical definitions included. They included blend taking care of which included taking care of bosom and non-bosom milk by means of the container and substitution taking care of comprised taking care of business equation feed barring bosom milk. Key factors were operationalized utilizing techniques, for example, meets by utilization of polls (Foo, 2005). The strategies neglected to portray the particular instruments used to accomplish the investigation reason and study populace. The report doesn't give any proof that the information assortment strategies were solid and substantial. Systems in doing the exploration are not satisfactory or satisfactorily depicted. There is no proof whether the members assigned to the mediation bunch really got it. Notwithstanding, there is proof that the individuals who did the exploration were prepared in light of the fact that it is recorded that to diminish inclinations, the analyst ensured that all the clinical assessments were done via prepared experts (Foo, 2005). The discoveries were introduced in a straightforward manner by utilization of tables and diagrams. It was anything but difficult to decipher the discoveries as indicated by the manner in which they were introduced like the segment discoveries, breastfeeding span among the Singaporean ladies and the type of breastfeeding for various ladies. The data is introduced in a way that encouraged a meta-investigation and has very adequate data required for EBP (Evidence-Based Practice). The conversation had all the significant discoveries deciphered inside the setting of earlier research. One of the discoveries was that commencement of breastfeeding and length expanded with a later birth year and was not conditionally connected with higher maternal training (Buie, 2010). The analyst clarifies that this data is one

Lifeboat free essay sample

As the music filled my ears with Joy I could feel just the delight I was In. Maybe nothing else on the planet made a difference. The world could end and I wouldnt care. I could feel the magnificence of the sound of Christian music In my heart It Inspired me so that nobody else could see ever the manner in which I feel. I was wonderful, the world was lovely, most likely as delightful as the manner in which I feel. At that point the world got very, I got very. This was the first occasion when I can say I really heard music. My name is Sally, similar to a debris tree knoll. I was the young lady who was strolling the rang path.I was isolated from my family when I was five and came here to the United States. My mother had gotten hitched, while I treaded carefully father beat her and whore her, years cruises by. We will compose a custom paper test on Raft or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page John his child, a tall, beast like who took my pride and that young lady I was. Living in a haven for quite a long time, I was discouraged, lost, befuddled and took the hands of an inappropriate people to support me. Where it counts I had confidence when I heard the expression of God through music. The primary second I put on my earphones and squeezed play on my Pod. The tune playing was One thing remains y Kristin Standstill each word became Imprinted Into my memory.I recognized what was absent from my empty life. It had a feeling that It was an entirely different world and I at long last opened my eyes and Just ventured Into this world that as great and everything else around me lost its significance while I became mixed up in its stupor. It was an inclination that just took everything that wasn't right, failed, confounding, and difficult within me and changed it into something that I knew just because was correct. The agony was still there however I discovered a way change keep these repulsive inquiries that brought me so much torment each time I heard Are you K? ND Do you need talk? I realized that there was something incorrectly yet to every other person I Just appeared another tranquil child who Just didnt have companions and possibly I was, I genuinely dont even know. I felt as long as I had music to keep myself from the fall to pieces button, that I would discover some type of satisfaction regardless of how little It was. Music to me wasnt Just a type of help, It was a path for me to communicate something anything possibly not to others yet to myself so I realized I had some kind of feeling and that I was even normal.It is my life pontoon. I adhered to Christian music as though it was the key for me to make it i n this world and it worked. It kept me dry till one day a tropical storm came and nearly suffocated me and in this rough tempest and I lost my direction. I quit following the music and I surmise some place along the line I took the my ways back and fell into this repulsive hellhole and went excessively far down. One day I woke up and asked myself who am l? I realized that I needed to have trust and follow the expression of God and propel me and transform me and guide me.Here in this world I understood that Christian music would have been ready to be my life rearward I glanced around and found that this reflects was my inspiration, my quality, and would advise me not to surrender. I was thankful that I did, I flipped over my raft and Just kept on walking around. As the days, weeks, months, and years went on that I talked and increased new companions, I found that my life was turning out to be less and less required as individuals were at long last beginning to acknowledge me for me. The murkiness and agony yet now I realize that I have something beyond my music and raft since when another tempest comes, I have other people who can enab le me to endure.

Essay on British Economy

Essay on British Economy Britain’s Participation in International Trade Britain is among the countries that have managed to remain successful in the international market in addition to having enjoyed a substantial share of the total global exports. The good performance in the global market can be attributed to a combination of Britain’s ability to penetrate emerging markets and the competitiveness associated with the high time overvalued sterling pound. However, British exports have been declining steadily over the past six decades except during the period when the North Sea oil registered huge success. The decline of the UK global sector is largely blamed on underperformance of the UK export sector and partly due to the popularity and the emergence of BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India, China) countries which have proved to among the most competitive and major players in the global economy. This period of relative underperformance was met with the flourishing of the home economy that was driven by consumer demand. As such, large amounts of imports found its way into the country leading to the opening of a wide and persistent deficit on trade (Chang, 2008). After the Second World War, majority of Britain’s export market was closely tied to the colonial links, which formed majority of its trading partners. The leading consumers of UK exports were New Zealand, Canada, India, and Australia in addition to other countries in the common wealth. After the UK joined the European Union, the percentage of exports to Common wealth countries reduced significantly because a substantial percentage of these exports were now directed countries in the European Union. Furthermore, British exports to other developed economies such as the Japan and the US increased substantially. Nonetheless, British exporters have found it exceedingly difficult to penetrate BRIC countries, which have the highest proportions of consumers. Another factor that has contributed to the significant reduction in exports is the shift from the production of goods towards the production of services. Composition of UK exports has evolved over time with much focus being directed towards the importance of service exports as compared to the expense of locally produced goods. For the past two decades, the percentage of service exports has been increasing steadily. Information services and computers, insurance services, and financial services have been among the strongest performers in the UK service exports. Equally, the percentage of goods export supplied has been falling significantly from 70% in 1990 to 59% in 2010. The loss of competitiveness of Britain in the export market can thusly be attributed to the declining goods export and the increased competition from emerging economies particularly the BRIC countries that enjoy significantly low production costs. The effects of BRICs on the UK exports has accounted for the declining competencies of UK exports because the low production costs has led the production of certain goods being redirected to these emerging markets. In such countries, labor accounts for a higher percentage in terms of production costs and therefore, a combination of low-skilled labor and mass-production techniques becomes a critical factor (Chang, 2008). On the other hand, the persistent overvalued exchange rate of the pound saw it appreciate steadily from the early 1998 until it leveled during the financial crisis that begun in the late 2007. This benefitted the sectors that required large amounts of commodity inputs in terms of the benefits associated with the impacts of dollar-denominated costs of inputs. Comparative advantage and opportunity cost Despite the massive deterioration in competitive levels, Britain has managed to remain competitive in the weak but competitive global economy by retaining its comparative advantage in the few remaining good export sectors. This form of comparative advantage enjoyed by Britain is measurable in different ways. First, the opportunity cost of producing manufacturing goods is less as compared to the opportunity cost of producing the same item in another country (Belli, 2007). In such a situation, the level of productivity in one industry is relatively high as compared to other industries. Comparing the UK with other countries in the EU such as Germany shows that the UK has continued to enjoy a comparative advantage in different industries such as technological industries in the manufacturing sector (Belli, 2007). Financial Crisis and Depreciation of the Sterling Pound The global trade has largely declined due to the effects brought about by the global financial crisis. This had heavy impacts to the volume of UK exports leading them to drop sharply between the year 2008 and 2009 whereby the volume of exports fell by approximately 13% (Hermerijck, Knapen, and, Ellen, 2009). In turn, it led the volume of global trade to plunge heavily. Nonetheless, the 2007-to date financial crisis led the capital flows into the UK economy to dry up, a factor that made the sterling pound to depreciate by more than 25% during this period. Similarly, the competitiveness of UK exports was boosted and thereby it provided a cushion against unforeseen fluctuations in the global trade. As such, the decline in the levels of UK exports to be substantially smaller as compared to the level of decline in other developed economies such as Japan and Germany. The continued deterioration of the global export of services meant that the UK was greatly exposed to the effects of the wor sening global trade than those countries depending on the export of goods. The sharp depreciation of the sterling pound after the downfall of the Northern Rock bank, which contributed to the global financial crisis (Connolly, 2010). This has been a leading contributor in enabling Britain to reducing the level of trade deficit. As earlier mentioned, the level of the UK export market has been in constant decline over the past two decades due to the entrance of emerging countries such as those in the Eastern Block and the BRIC countries. Since the financial crisis, the decline of the UK export market has stalled proving that the depreciation of the sterling pound has brought some positive benefits to the growth of the UK export market. Earlier during the depreciation of the UK export market in 1992, the growth of the UK export market has registered substantial share particularly with respect to the levels of the goods export market. During this period, the sterling pound seemed to have exerted less positive impacts in terms of the positive impacts during this time. According to a leading economist at Dublin Davy Research, MacCoille Conall, the total level of traded services, which makes up nearly 40% of the total volume of UK exports, is very significant to the overall level of trade in the UK. Even though the UK continued to gain increased market share in the volume of traded goods, the financial crisis of 2007 brought negative consequences (Connolly, 2010). According to views from Ernest Young ITEM club, the period of negative growth resulting from the global financial services can be attributed to the depression of the total value of services and goods. However, this can also bring positive opportunities in regions where the UK continued to exert positive strongholds given that the sterling pound has continued to undergo steep devaluation and thereafter improving the level of competitiveness of the UK export market. These positive factors have been significant in forecasting the possible levels of contributions that can be derived from the net exports (E Y. 2011). Reasons for the depreciated pound The consequences that led to the depreciation of the sterling pound can be attributed to numerous reasons and varied factors but the most common causes of the fall of the sterling pound has largely to do with the effects of the global financial crisis and the government control through controls from the Bank of England. The Government, through its intervention policies, to exert steep cuts in terms of policy interest. This led to the downgrading of currency markets with respect to their expectations of effects from the credit crunch. On the positive side, the consequences of the depreciated pound meant that British exports became competitive in the global market hence British firms participating in the global market could reduce their selling prices that would consequently boost the overall volume of orders. Similarly, the British exporters could decide to keep the prices of their products constant and thereby they would register higher profit margins (E Y. 2011). Other positive advantages include the re-balancing of the British economy by reducing the levels of high imports and expanding the level of imports. This has an effect of reducing the levels of trade deficits and expanding the volume of net injections and circular flow of income. Closely linked to the above factor is the issue of enabling the economy to register accelerator and positive multiplier effects on the general levels of real income. The source of increased and continued competitiveness The weak sterling provides positive incentives to Britain’s export market as well as in providing a long-term boost to exporters in Britain. The weakening of the sterling pound has been significant in enabling UK exporters to increase the levels of their competitive advantage given that they have greater abilities in terms of competitive advantages in terms of price. The ability to compete in terms of price has enabled UK exporters to counter the effects of exporters from low cost competitors particularly those found in Germany. The Bank of England has also been very helpful in ensuring that the nation maintains a loose monetary policy that has been critical in offsetting the impacts brought about by very tight fiscal monetary policies. This has ensured that the sterling pound will continue to be weakened over prolonged periods thereby enabling UK exporters to make huge differences. The growing consumer demand from emerging economies and the strong economies in BRIC countries would see the average income of many middle-class consumers would see an increase in the demand for household goods. The improved living standards and the expansion of the middle class in these emerging countries has been a substantial factor in the expansion of traditional goods manufactured by UK exporters. Another important factor for the continued growth and competitiveness of UK exports is the excellence performance of the UK in terms of financial services. The growth of the UK service sector has been influential in enabling the UK to expand its performance in global exports. Global projections have showed that financial services are likely to form the largest percentage of contribution into the export market. Impacts of Government Interventions and Changing Economic Planning Processes of Organizations Undeniably, analyzing the market conditions is very critical in enabling policy makers to identify the right sectors as well as the inappropriate sectors that need interventions. However, this analysis is not enough for policy makers to identify the regions that should be allocated much prioritization as compared to others. As such, there is need for governments to be involved in providing guidance and directions to organizations and players in the trade market to rectify the disadvantages and deficiencies brought about by market failures. This provides evidence that the goals of the public policy is to ensure that resources are allocated efficiently throughout the economy (Hall, and Lieberman, 2008). This calls for the prioritization of resources based on the levels of comparative advantage. For this reason, the provision of pure public goods should be prioritized before the provision of mixed goods. Government’s participation in trade is critical in bringing controls in form of bringing balances and as well in the allocation of resources. For instance, the British government has been very influential during the financial crisis to ensure that the effects of the global financial crunch do not exert great consequences to the entire economy. By examining the effects of the AS-AD framework, the Government used its interventionary policies instructed the Bank of England to exert steep cuts in terms of policy interest. This led to the downgrading of currency markets with respect to their expectations of effects from the credit crunch (Saleh, 2010). This had both positive and negative effects of economic planning processes of many organizations involved in the international trade. On the positive side, the consequences of the depreciated pound meant that British exports became competitive in the global market hence British firms participating in the global market could reduce their selling prices that would consequently boost the overall volume of orders. Similarly, this interventionary measure ensured that British exporters had options of maintaining constant prices of their products constant leading to the registration of higher profit margins (Joshi, 2005). Alternatively, the negative consequences brought by this government policy included the increase in the prices of imported technologies, inflationary dangers associated with the sharp decline in the levels of currency thereby leading to increased prices in the levels of imported components and commodities. Additionally, the weakening of the currency is not an objective that can be achieved within the shortest period and therefore it took time before the effects of this policy could be felt. The final neg ative consequence of such policy is the difficulties associated with the attraction of foreign inflows that are critical for the purchase of highly valued bonds. Protectionist policies Britain is an open economy and therefore, the government’s participation in trading activities is very critical for controlling the trading activities. This calls for the implementation of policies to bring about the desired macro-economic effects. These policies have significant impacts in changing the changing economic planning processes of organizations. Among such policies are export, import, and industrial policies. First, export policies include the reduction in tariff policies that are exerted on exports, and as well, subsidies that are given to exporters to encourage them export more commodities. Additionally, exports subsidies enable exporters to reduce the prices of products. The weakening of the currency also exerts added advantages in terms of making exports relatively cheaper in the international market. Second, the regulation of imported products with the effects of reducing the amount of pounds that would be exchanged for foreign currencies. Examples of import restriction policies include import quotas that are critical in reducing the amount of foreign currencies leaving the country. Lastly, the implementations of industrial policies that control the activities of manufacturing industries have been very influential in controlling the amount of manufactured goods that leave the country (Pugel, 2007). Britain being a highly industrialized nation means that the country depends on imported technologies to facilitate various activities of the industrial sector. The government uses selective policies that are geared towards the reduction of prices for critical raw materials . Generally, the British government usually plays a critical role to facilitate the process of re-orientating exports to some of the emerging markets in addition to enacting policies aimed at the reduction of regulatory barriers for exporters and companies wishing to enter into these emerging markets. Furthermore, governmental policies are usually formulated in such a manner that it supports the competitiveness of the export sector by improving the levels of skills in addition to providing incentives to investors (Stiglitz, and Charlton, 2005). Conclusion Admittedly, Britain is among the countries that have managed to remain successful in the international market in addition to having enjoyed a substantial share of the total global exports. After the World War II, majority of Britain’s export market was closely tied to the colonial links, which formed majority of its trading partners and this was one of the leading factors for the strengthened forces in the global share. The shift from the production of goods towards the production of services. Additionally, the composition of UK exports has since evolved over time with much focus being directed towards the importance of service exports as compared to the expense of locally produced goods. However, the emergence of BRIC countries has had effects on the UK exports has accounted for the declining competencies of UK exports because the low production costs has led the production of certain goods being redirected to these emerging markets. British exporters have rather found it dif ficult to penetrate these emerging markets despite them having higher percentages of consumers. Britain has managed to remain competitive in the weak but competitive global economy by retaining its comparative advantage in the few remaining good export sectors. The weakening of the Sterling Pound has enabled the country to remain competitive because British exporters are able to reduce the prices of their products or keep them constant leading to higher profit margins. Furthermore, the weakening of the sterling pound makes British products to be relatively cheap in the international market thereby attracting more traders. Lastly, British exports have started finding their way into emerging countries such as those in the Eastern Block and BRIC countries. Finally yet importantly, the government’s participation in trading activities has been critical in controlling trading activities of various organizations in addition to bringing about the desired macroeconomic effects. Allocation of resources and government controls are some of the activities that the government uses to influence the change in planning processes of many organizations. The British government facilitates the process of re-orientating exports to some of the emerging markets and enacts policies aimed at the reduction of regulatory barriers for exporters and companies wishing to enter into these emerging markets (Stiglitz, and Charlton, 2005). Reference List Belli, P. 2007. â€Å"The Comparative Advantage of Government: A Review, Policy Research† Working Paper 1834, World Bank, Washington DC Chang, H. 2008. Bad Samaritans: The Myth of Free Trade and the Secret History of Capitalism, Bloomsbury Press. Connolly, J. 2010. â€Å"Economic Review: Will the Sterling Boost Ever Arrive?†Second Quarter 2010, Deloitte E Y. 2011, The Outlook for UK exports: ITEM Club Special Report. ITEM Hall, R., and Lieberman, M, 2008, Macroeconomics: principles and applications. Mason, OH: Thomson/South-Western. Hermerijck, A, Knapen, B. and, Ellen, 2009. Aftershocks: Economic Crisis and Institutional Choice. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press Joshi, R. M, 2005. International Marketing, Oxford University Press, New Delhi and New York Pugel, T. A. 2007. International Economics, 13th edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin Saleh, N. 2010. An Anatomy of the Financial Crisis 2007-2010: Blowing Tumbleweed. London: Anthem Press Stiglitz, J. E., and Charlton, A. 2005. Fair Trade For All: How Trade Can Promote Development. Oxford University Press

Topic 6 †Bailouts And Buyouts. I Would Like To Start With

Topic 6 – Bailouts and Buyouts I would like to start with a very famous quote greatly discussed in class and the book Bailout Nation. The quote by economist Allen Meltzer that noted – â€Å"Capitalism without failure is like religion without sin – it just doesn’t work† (Ritholtz, 4). In the past, companies like WorldCom and Enron where corruption, recklessness and high risk decisions have led investors, government, and the market overall to take a charge on them. They all lost their capital, reputation, and even few lost everything and ended up in jail. Why all this recklessness and moral hazard created by high executives? Who pays all of this at the end? The companies themselves or the taxpayers (citizens) themselves? If sin did not exist,†¦show more content†¦Short sellers identified most scams, in which the SEC should encourage with financial incentives rather than penalizing them. (5) The Federal Reserve was stated to be amassing more, not less, authority (Ritholtz, xxvi). Central banks should focus on setting monetary policy and regulation should be handled by a different regulator than the Fed. (6) Bank regulators should be replaced by a single regulator. As the FDIC made a wonderful job managing the 2008 crisis, and to stop regulator shopping the FDIC should oversee bank regulation. (7) The repeal of Glass-Steagall Act contributed to the crisis, so is only normal to restore it. The banking system should be divided in two halves; speculative and underwriting, and commercial taxpayer-backed depository banks (Ritholtz, xxvi). (8) As Nixon Treasury Secretary George Shultz famously quoted, â€Å"If they are too big to fail, make them smaller† (Ritholtz, xxvi). By reducing the limit size of the behemoths of total U.S deposits, competition would increase leading the banking sector with more institutions decreasing bailouts. (9) In corporate structure, public firms along partnerships should be held responsible a nd liable for the losses. This will prevent partnerships, just like public firms to not act recklessly with their investor’s money. (10) Regulate nonbank lenders, along with depositary banks. Nonbank lenders created most subprime loans, causing almost 400 of these institutions to fill for bankruptcy.Show MoreRelatedGovernment Intervention Paper: Lehman Brothers5371 Words   |  22 Pagesthe Lehman Brothers case that changed how it managed the AIG situation? What would potentially have happened if the Federal government had not intervened in the AIG situation? What is the role of government in inspiring and maintaining confidence in the market? This examination of employs past, recent, and current scholarly research and media literature to support the history of financial crisis of 2007-2009. 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Autism-Aspergers Compare/Contrast - 859 Words

In this paper I will be discussing the difference between Aspergers Syndrome and Autism. There are six different kinds of Autism but in this paper I am going to talk about two of them. Aspergers Syndrome is a form of Autism, but they have their differences and similarities. Aspergers affects different areas then Autism. In my people i will discuss what those areas are. Even though these children have these disorders they can be intelligent in their own way, and in different areas. Autism is usually diagnosed before a child reaches kindergarten. Autism is confusing and attacks little kids for no apparent reason. (Allman 8) Autism is life altering and a challenge for everybody involved. Children who have Autism can break out in a tantrum†¦show more content†¦Aspergers Syndrome often has few facial expressions and have difficulty reading the body language of others; they might engage in obsessive routines and display an unusual sensitivity to sensory stimuli (for example, they may be bothered by a light that no one else notices; they may cover their ears to block out sounds in the environment; or they might prefer to wear clothing made only of a certain material) (Weiss 32-35). Children with Aspergers Syndrome are capable of functioning in everyday life, but tend to be somewhat socially immature, relate better to adults than peers, and may be seen by others as odd or eccentric. Children with Autism dont have the exact same symptoms. Some people may have autism that is mild, while others may have autism that is more severe. Two people with the same spectrum disorder may not act alike or have the same skills. Although Autism and Aspergers Syndrome are both on the Autism Spectrum Disorder, they both have similarities and differences. Aspergers affects different areas then Autism, even though children who have these disorders they both can function, they just function differently out in public. Work Cited Allman, Toney. (C. 2010). Autism. Washington, DC. Library of Congress. Weiss, Mary Jane. (C. 2007) Practical Solutions for Educating Young Children with High-Functioning Autism and Asperger’sShow MoreRelatedSocial Stories5242 Words   |  21 PagesSocial Stories with Children with Autism: How to write a Social Story Based on Gray, C. (2002) The New Social Story Book The use of Social Stories was pioneered by Carol Gray in 1991 and is being widely used with children Autistic Spectrum Disorder. Social Stories provide the student with accurate information regarding situations s/he encounters. Social rules, which can be difficult for children with Autism to understand instinctively, are written down as concrete rules in the form of aRead MorePiaget s Beliefs About Language Development2326 Words   |  10 Pagesdepends on the sequence of cognitive development c. Language acquisition results from general cognitive and social processes d. Language development is innately wired via universal grammar e. All of the above f. a and b only g. c and d only 2. In contrast to serial processing, parallel processing involves a. Single operations performed sequentially one at a time b. Multiple operations occur simultaneously c. Both single and multiple operations performed in sequence and/or operationally d. All of theRead MoreSocial Stories5256 Words   |  22 PagesSocial Stories with Children with Autism: How to write a Social Story Based on Gray, C. (2002) The New Social Story Book The use of Social Stories was pioneered by Carol Gray in 1991 and is being widely used with children Autistic Spectrum Disorder. Social Stories provide the student with accurate information regarding situations s/he encounters. Social rules, which can be difficult for children with Autism to understand instinctively, are written down as concrete rules in the form of a storyRead MoreExplain How Psychological Perspectives Have Been Used to Criminal Behavior2641 Words   |  11 Pagesbehavior may involve activity within a group or between groups. According to social psychological explanation it involves the way we learn from others around us - our peers and family and how we learn to model and imitate that behavior. Compare and Contrast psychological perspectives used to explain criminal behavior (M1)-The perception that crime has become one of the most serious problems facing society has led to determined efforts by many researchers to find the causes of criminal behaviorRead MoreGump Notes Essay7299 Words   |  30 Pagesword, people, for some reason, well, theyd cheer. Though the focus of the film is directed towards Forrest Gump, the effects of social forces are most often expressed and implied through Jenny Curran. Forrests generally unobservant nature contrasts harshly with Jennys forthright and independent character. Without Jenny, we would have a collectively unrealistic and uncertain portrayal of many occurrences that contributed to the structure of todays society. Unlike Forrest, Jenny was consciously

Organizational Behavior Methods of People Interaction

Question: Describe about the Organizational Behavior for Methods of People Interaction. Answer: Introduction The study of the methods of people interaction in a particular group or segment is known as organizational behavior[1]. The organizational behavior can be segmented in three levels such as- work groups, individuals and the behavior of the organizations. This essay would discuss about the task as well as maintenance functions, factors affecting group effectiveness, empowerment skills and the self managed team. Discussion The task functions are performed in a group in order to maximize its efficiency[2]. The team leader or the person associated with the group should make sure that the group fulfills its goals and this should enrich and nourish the team members. The sample task functions include the act of initiation, coordination, summarizing and diagnosis of the main job tasks. The task functions consist of the behaviors which direct or focus activities involving labor or work. The tasks are required to be fulfilled by the organizations in order to achieve the goals of the organization. They can be general tasks like functions of the sale department. The task functions should be specified in a detailed manner which elaborates the day to day functions of the department. The various roles played by the task functions are opinion seeker, information seeker, initiator, coordinator, summarizer, opinion giver, consensus tester, diagnostician and evaluator. The maintenance functions include the necessary roles that are required for the purpose of completion of the tasks. Their primary function is to preserve the existing conditions and reduction of tension, harmonizing and encouraging. The different maintenance functions in a group are supporter, tension releaser, mediator or harmonizer, gatekeeper, feeling expresser, empathy expresser, compromiser, standard setter and follower[3]. These functions come with individual duties such as the mediator harmonizes the difference in the opinions and helps in the resolution of the group conflicts. There are various factors that influence the effectiveness of the group. The individuals, group size, group norms, leadership, synergy, cohesiveness, homogeneity, role identity and others have an impact on the effectiveness of the work group. If the individuals are aware of their roles and responsibilities in a team and the size of the group is optimal, then the productivity of the group would improve. It has been found out that smaller groups are more effective than large groups. If the group members follow the norms of the group and their collective efforts produce the best results, then the group would be effective. There can be several norms such as performance, attendance, dress code, interpersonal relations and others. The degree of interpersonal attraction and the leadership capabilities also determine the effectiveness of the group. The degree of similarity of the group members in terms of education, skills, general backgrounds, income levels and others determine the effectiv eness of the group. The role identity concerns with the capability of the group members to assume different roles within the team. It is very important to deal with the emerging conflicts that may come up in a group. It is also essential to establish transparent communication channels in between the group members. The team process should be clear, understandable and achievable. They should be communicated well to the team members. The fulfillment of these factors would ensure the effectiveness of the group. The empowerment of the group members is to enhance the level of autonomy as well as the self determination in the people so that they represent their interests in a responsible manner. It is a key concept in employee engagement and gives certain degree of decision making powers to the employees. The advantages of the employee empowerment include the enhanced organizational responsiveness, increase in the productivity and high degree of employee commitment[4]. The empowerment gives the employees certain skills such as power, trust, freedom and encouragement in order to efficiently perform the job related tasks. In organizations, there are certain teams who control their own functioning. They are known as self managed teams. These kinds of teams share the work tasks and provide mutual support to each other. Every member of the team is responsible for the management of the entire team and demonstrates shared decision making activities. They work towards the fulfillment of the goals and the responsibilities are defined by the team members. The main advantage of such teams is that they increase the productivity of the team. They plan, coordinate, instruct and control the activities of the team, which can induce pride in the accomplishments. There is better allocation of the resources and there is significant reduction in the associated costs. Conclusion The organizational behavior is concerned with the analysis of the human behavior in organizational settings. A scientific approach should be used for the management of the employees. The organizational behavior comprises of the various factors that lead to the success of the organization as a whole. It is also concerned with empowerment and the self managed team. References Krapfl, J B Kruja, "Leadership and Culture". inJournal of Organizational Behavior Management, 35, 2015, 28-43. Parry, J,From Prevention to Wellness Through Group Work. in , Hoboken, Taylor and Francis, 2014. Reichelt, M, "Career Progression from Temporary Employment: How Bridge and Trap Functions Differ by Task Complexity". inEuropean Sociological Review, 31, 2015, 558-572. Sanchez, L L Cralle, "Attaining Employee Empowerment". inNurse Leader, 10, 2012, 38-40.

Spousal Assault Essays - Abuse, Violence Against Men,

Spousal Assault Spousal assault is either the male or the female of the relationship who is being beaten up very brutally by their partner, such as a marriage. In most violent marriages the women in most cases are mostly subjected to spousal assaults. Women who are subjected to such beatings by there spouses are considered to Be known as "Battered wives. Wife assult is to be known as a very serious crime when committed this type of action can happen to any person at any age of there lives. Their husbands or even their boyfriends beat up over one million Canadian women each year. There are five types of wife abuse that are physical, psychological, emotional, sexual and also financial. Some men beat their wives to a point until they receive power and control over there battered wives spousal assault is a continuing process by which has many contributing factors. A common myth about wife abuse is that it is direct result of the perpetuators drinking problem and if it is treated, the addiction and abuse would end. Alcohol and different types of drugs do not cause the spouse to beat there wives senseless but although the alcohol may be contributing factor to the abusement. Many of the men who are constantly abusing their wives do so with out any substance abuse .The men who are beating their wives have one main reason for doing so and that is to gain power, and to gain control over their wives. If they realize that they have not received enough control and power over their wives they would continue to do so till they do gain there advantage over there wives. The man who constantly drinks and does drugs when they batter their wives is used as an excuse for beating their wives up.Alcohol is a strong substance that can cause the men to be highly encouragably that can cause the men to be very violent. Many of the abusive men who have increasingly battered their wives Page 2 to a pulp try to apologies to their wives and want them to forgive them for there wrongful act and try to make up many excuses that she had done some thing wrong such phrases as these: " If you had been a better wife ", " Oh , it was your fault " , " Your not being a good mother to the kids or to the family ." " then you would not have deserved to be beaten up ". Beaten up their wives is all about control and power over their wives. The man tries to control what she does, whom she is talking to all the time and even keeps a track on her to see where she is going at any time of the day. If the wife does not listen to the " King " they try to intimidate their wives by putting fear in their wives by giving them fearful looks, unusual actions , giving her threatening gestures , talking to her in a loud despicable voice. Grabbing things of her property and smashing and throwing them all over the house. The husband believes that he has absolute power and ever-lasting control over his wife. Most of the men consider them selves as the king of the castle in other word the home. He thinks that he is the one who makes the " Big " decisions in the home. And also not letting the wife make any rules of her own in the home, and she is also expected to listen the man if not she knows what would happen if she doesn't listen to her husband. The man takes it as an advantage to control the household so no one is able to over control him. Making or carrying out threats to his wife or emotionally hurting her is another way that the man wants power over his wife. Using the children to make the wife feel guilty in a way the man will sometimes do to harass her, Many of the men will ask their wives to do very sickening sexual things to him even though she doesn't want to do such an act with him. Always physically attacking her sexual parts on her body and treating her like a sex object that can be very ridiculing for a woman, the man sexually abuses her. There are five forms of wife abuse. Firstly, psychological abuse. Psychological abuse is when the women live with the constant fear

The eNotes Blog Guerrilla Poetry Projects

Guerrilla Poetry Projects T.S. Eliot once observed that genuine poetry can communicate before it is understood.   This is a sentiment that   guerrilla poets embrace.   Guerrilla tactics, whether in war or in art, often rely on hit-and-run assaults, leaving the subjects of their surprise attacks a bit dazed and hopefully more aware. This week, the website  Flavorpill  (by way of booooooom.com)  published a variety of   guerrilla poetry projects that are sneaking poetry into the lives of the largely unsuspecting public.   Here are ten of the best: 1.   Scottish artist  Robert Montgomery  installs subversive poetry on billboards, stripping away the large-scale ads for his black-and-white text. Other poems are set on fire. The anonymous works about modern life offer a moment of reflection, away from the consumerist gaze. 2.   The Itaewon neighbored of Seoul, Korea is littered with colorful dolls. American poet  Andy Knowlton  creates the tiny figures from found materials he collects on the streets. Each doll is outfitted with a bottle that contains a poem. â€Å"I want to surprise people going about their daily routines,† he  told  website Chincha. â€Å"Also, I’ve been writing poetry for several years now and I’m always trying to figure out new ways to get people interested in poetry. These dolls are just another approach to getting the good word out on poetry.† 3.  New York City writer  Audrey Dimola  started the Compass Project in 2012. She stickers her poems around the city, releasing her work into the wild. They’re tiny signposts for eagle-eyed daydreamers. 4.  London-based artist  Anna Garforth  is inspired by guerrilla gardening groups, which is why she transformed excerpts from several Eleanor Stevens poems into mossy wall text. The green words are attached with organic materials. Garforth creates the work with the hopes that the letters will grow and spread across the wall in time.   (Photo credit: Amy Leang) 5.   University of Michigan professor  Emily P. Lawsin, specializing in Asian/Pacific Islander American Studies, has been a spoken word performance poet since 1990. Her passionate guerilla performance on a sidewalk in Detroit’s abandoned Chinatown remembered murdered Chinese-American Vincent Chin.   (Photo credit: Max Nesterak)   6.   HOOT  publishes flash fiction, non-fiction, poetry, and small press book reviews, never exceeding 150 words. The lit mag is printed on a postcard, with accompanying art, but it’s also available online. Miniature prose pops up unexpectedly from time to time. 7.   The  Guerilla Poetics Project  consists of  short poems that are letterpress printed via antique press on broadsides and then smuggled into books around the world. Unsuspecting readers can register their found poems on the GPP  website. 8.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I love the way that language can be an object, and the way that a small, enigmatic fragment can somehow invoke something much larger in the mind,† Anthony Discenza  said  of his guerrilla street sign project. â€Å"Alternatively, I might describe them as a conflation of elevated modes of speech with more prosaic or banal forms - the Gothic novel mixed with the  People  magazine headline.† 9.   During New Zealand’s Nelson Arts Festival in 2012, artist and designer  Klaasz Breukel  - in an orange jumpsuit - drove around in a van, projecting animated poems on walls. 10.   Online video literary magazine  GuerrillaReads  boasts an assortment of  clips  featuring poets reading their works out in the world, away from the bookstores.

Professional and Academic Skills Development Assignment

Professional and Academic Skills Development - Assignment Example I normally set time to reflect on whatever I have learnt during the day (in the evenings) and at the end of the week. Depending on what I have experienced, I ask myself if i liked the experience or not and how the experience or theory applies in real life. After reading an article on the hierarchy of needs, I reflected on the author’s arguments and realised why people consider security as a matter of priority in life as opposed to gaining wealth. You were asked to work in groups of 3 or 4, to pick a topic and to find relevant references from four different sources (e.g. newspaper, journal, internet and book). Please list the references below, using the correct form of Harvard reference for each. I have learnt that teamwork is important when undertaking major tasks especially. Through teamwork, people get to learn from one another. It is important to appreciate other people and be a keen listener for teamwork to be a positive and enjoyable experience. In order to be effective when a member of a team, i need to learn how to appreciate people’s cultures. This way I will be able to understand their world views and appreciate why they act or speak the way they do. Giving a presentation before a multitude of people first normally hits me with tension. In order to overcome my tension, apprehension and fear, I did my research on the subject I had to present thoroughly. That way, my confidence grew as I knew that I had great ideas to present. I also encouraged myself that my group members and audience wished to see me succeed. I will take time to write and rehearse mock speeches so as to be more comfortable in public speaking. I learnt a lot from the library tutorial. I learnt how to search sources using various criteria for example with the author name or title. I also learnt the various sources that I may use for my research including books and journals. I am currently confident that my library skills are sufficient. What did you learn from

Analysis of Biblical Perspective Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Analysis of Biblical Perspective - Essay Example When we try to help others for our own emotional fulfillment, the meaning of love is lost. On the other hand, we have to help others without the significant power over them and make sure that our help is done the way they need it, on their own terms. Quite naturally, such acts of love are apt to result in personal losses to the caregiver but one can be assured that they are worth the trouble as long as they are done as an expression of love to God. The perfect example for true love to God is set by saintly figures like Mother Teresa, who sacrificed their personal comforts and joy for the sake of providing a decent life for many extremely poor and sick people who had no one to look after them. When I think of being a caregiver, I hope to strive towards such a level of selfless love for others, even if I start it from simple acts of kindness in daily life. Apart from being vigilant to the needs of individuals and society in general, I would also like to make a pact with God through a n umber of such meaningful little acts of love that would fall into a specific pattern. However, I would also like to keep my work towards that as an issue between me and God, which needs constant self-reflection and prayerful communication with God. 2. The passage from Matthew 8:28-32 deals with the healing of two demon-possessed men. It describes how Jesus arrived with his disciples at Gadarenes where the two possessed men coming from the tombs met him. They are described as so violent that no one could pass through that way. They encountered Jesus violently, addressing him as â€Å"son of God† and asking him: â€Å"Have you come here to torture us before the appointed time?† The spirits requested him to send them to a herd of pigs rearing nearby, and Jesus does exactly the same. The pigs rushed down the steep bank down the lake and they perish, whereof those who were tending them rushed to the town to inform others of this.  Ã‚  

Edinburgh Tram System project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Edinburgh Tram System project - Essay Example The research identifies that there were some challenges in the definition of the stakeholder needs and expectations. The priorities of the client were politicised, hence there were divergences in the ETS Project. This led to various shortfalls that resulted in major inabilities to deal with the key success factors of the research. This is a project management report that focuses on a real project that has been completed. To this end, the report will critically analyse and review a sample case, the Edinburgh Tram System Project. This paper will critically review the ETS project as it was carried out by the members of the Edinburgh Tram Project team. The actual steps taken by the team members are analysed and reviewed in relation to two main approaches. The first is the existing literature on project management. The second relates to how other projects were conducted and how this relates to the Edinburgh Tram Project. Finally, a conclusion will be drawn on the project and recommendations will be made in relation to the project under review. The Edinburgh Corporation Tramways was one of the earliest symbols of the Industrial Revolution and it ran between 1871 and 1956 when it was closed down (Mullay, 2013). It included a network of buses and commuter rail lines that linked the different parts of the city of Edinburgh (Edinburgh History, 2013). It marked one of the earliest projects towards massive urban transportation that was replicated in other cities of the United Kingdom. However, in 1956, it stopped operating. In 1989, new interests and proposals came up for the reintroduction of trams in the Edinburgh. However, in 2001, the Scottish Parliament gave approval for the creation of three tram routes to run in the city of Edinburgh. This gave the impetus for the project under review, which was broken down and conducted according to the fundamental principles and ideas of project management. As identified above, the reintroduction of tramways provided

Internet :: essays research papers

Last December the express and package delivery giant announced that it had taken an equity position in NetCel360, a provider of business-to -business e-commerce solutions for companies operating in the Asia Pacific region. The investment was made through UPS's Strategic Enterprise Fund, established in 1997 to invest in new markets and emerging technologies. The alliance hopes to provide the sort of supply-chain transparency in Asia that is available in other parts of the world. "One of the reasons for NetCel and UPS getting together is to provide full supply-chain integration," said Peter Winslow, managing director of UPS Worldwide Logistics for Asia Pacific. "People expect to have information available at every point along the chain. Today that is not available in the region." NetCel360 was founded in 1998 by Phillip E. Kelly, who previously had put in 14 years at Motorola followed by a move to Dell Computer in 1994. At Dell, Kelly was in charge of the Asia Pacific region where he built up a made-to-order, direct sales operation similar to the Dell infrastructure in the United States. In the process, he became aware of the unique challenges faced by companies seeking to expand their Internet-based operations in the diverse and complex region. "The Internet market in the U.S. is built upon a significant infrastructure that was built up by direct sales and catalog guys," said Kelly. "Asia Pacific does not have the same infrastructure to enable e-commerce." It's going to need one, though. Kelly said e-commerce in the region is expected to grow from $3.3 billion in 1998 to over $100 billion by 2003, while the number of Internet users is expected to increase from 30 million to over 100 million. To capitalize on that growth rate, Kelly founded NetCel360 in 1998 to provide one-stop outsourcing services and help companies establish pan-Asian relationships along their supply chains. Services include web consulting and design, field repair capabilities, call centers, customer interface and a full range of financial and translation services. Kelly is bullish on Asia. The economic crisis has largely abated, he said, and money and optimism are returning to the region. Partnering with UPS Logistics Group, one of the leaders in global logistics and supply-chain management solutions, is also cause for joy. "Asia Pacific is so diverse and government regulations are so vast;' said Kelly. "There are different currency languages for each of 50 countries. It's not like moving product from Arizona to Tennessee. UPS provides full logistics across the region. That's the critical component of our alliance." Kelly cited credit card payments as an example of the difficulties of doing e-commerce in

Gene Engineering

Genetic Engineering Research I. Introduction In the past three decades, scientists have learned how to mix and match characteristics among unrelated creatures by moving genes from one creature to another. This is called â€Å"genetic engineering. † Genetic Engineering is a test tube science and is prematurely applied in food production. There are estimates that food output must increase by 60 percent over the next 25 years to keep up with demand. Thus, the result of scientist genetically altering plants for more consumption. The two most common methods for gene transfer are biological and electromechanical. â€Å"Early experiments all involved changing DNA using bacterial vectors†(Randerson, 2001). Through other advances scientists proclaim how they can improve the human gene pool. All humans have genes which carry certain traits structuring a person’s chemical make-up. â€Å"Inheritable characteristics are passed from one generation to the next through DNA, a molecule that is present in all of our cells†(Massey,2001). Gene Engineering could be used in various ways trying to improve humans. Gene modifications can have an impact solely on a single person (somatic manipulation), or on a person's children and all subsequent descendants (germline manipulation). Somatic manipulation seeks to change the genetic makeup of particular body in somatic cells that comprise the organs and tissues. Germline genetic manipulation changes the sex cells which can modify the health of a c†¦ †¦ middle of paper †¦ †¦ must be put in use for advances in reproductive technology and not to become available with bad intentions or misguided choices. II. References Cited Massey, Rachel. â€Å"Engineering Humans Part 1†. Human Genetics Alert, March, 2001. http://www. – users. globalnet. co. uk/~cahg/ King, David. †The Threat of Human Genetic Engineering†. Human Genetics Alert, 1999. http://www. hgalert. org Randerson, James. â€Å"Gene Modified Athletes†. Human Genetics Alert, November, 2001. http://online. sfsu. edu/%7Erone/GEessays/genemodifiedathletes Hayes, Richard. â€Å"In the Pipeline: Genetically Modified Human

Edad consentimiento para relaciones sexuales en EE.UU.

En Estados Unidos, la edad de consentimiento sexual  significa que a partir de cumplir los aà ±os fijados por ley de cada estado, cualquier persona –varà ³n o mujer– puede tener sexo con quien quiera, a menos que està © incapacitada por otro motivo. Sin embargo, en algunos estados tambià ©n es necesario que en los casos de relaciones sexuales entre dos personas que ya han alcanzado la edad de consentimiento, pero al menos una de ellas es menor de edad, la diferencia de aà ±os entre ambas no puede ser mayor a un nà ºmero fijado por ley, que es lo que se conoce como provisià ³n de diferencia de edad (age gap provision, en inglà ©s). Un ejemplo hipotà ©tico es el siguiente: Margarita Sà ¡nchez tiene 17 aà ±os y vive en Carolina del Norte. Tiene ya edad para otorgar el consentimiento sexual, si asà ­ lo desea. Su novio tiene 20 aà ±os. Esta situacià ³n es correcta dentro del punto de vista legal porque la diferencia de edad entre ellos es de 3 aà ±os. Lo cual està ¡ dentro de la gap provision de ese estado. Por el contrario, si el novio de Margarita tuviese 22 aà ±os, esa relacià ³n serà ­a contraria a la ley, ya que ella es menor de edad y la diferencia entre ellos es superior a los 4 aà ±os.   Edad de consentimiento sexual y provisià ³n de diferencia de edad por estado Los estados està ¡n listados en orden alfabà ©tico. Al final de la lista aparecen los datos de Washington D.C. La edad de consentimiento significa que una vez que se cumplen esos aà ±os se puede consentir libremente para tener relaciones sexuales. La edad de provisià ³n significa que si un miembro de la pareja es menor de edad, el otro no le puede llevar mà ¡s de esos aà ±os. Alabama Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 2 Alaska Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 3 Arizona Edad de consentimiento: 18Provisià ³n diferencia de edad: 2 Arkansas Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 3 California Edad de consentimiento: 18Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 0 Carolina del Norte Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 4 Carolina del Sur Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 0 Colorado Edad de consentimiento: 17Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 4 Connecticut Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 2 Dakota del Norte Edad de consentimiento: 18Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 0 Dakota del Sur Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 3 Delaware Edad de consentimiento: 18Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 0 Florida Edad de consentimiento: 18Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 0 Georgia Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 0 Hawaii Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 5 Idaho Edad de consentimiento: 18Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 0 Illinois Edad de consentimiento: 17Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad:0 Indiana Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad:0 Iowa Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 4 Kansas Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 0 Kentucky Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 0 Louisiana Edad de consentimiento: 17Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 3 Maine Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 5 Maryland Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 4 Massachusetts Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 0 Michigan Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 0 Minnesota Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 2 Mississippi Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 2 Missouri Edad de consentimiento: 17Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad:0 Montana Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 0 Nebraska Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 0 Nevada Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 0 Nuevo Hampshire Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 0 Nueva Jersey Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 4 Nuevo Mà ©xico Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 4 Nueva York Edad de consentimiento: 17Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 0 Ohio Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 0 Oklahoma Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 0 Oregà ³n Edad de consentimiento: 18Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 3 Pennsylvania Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 4 Rhode Island Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 0 Tennessee Edad de consentimiento: 18Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 4 Texas Edad de consentimiento: 17Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 4 Utah Edad de consentimiento: 18Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 10 Vermont Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 0 Virginia Edad de consentimiento: 18Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 0 Virginia Occidental Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 4 Washington Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 2 Wisconsin Edad de consentimiento: 18Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 0 Wyoming Edad de consentimiento: 16Provisià ³n de diferencia de edad: 4 Washington D.C. Edad de consentimiento: 16 Consecuencias de relaciones sexuales sin respetar edad de consentimiento y provisià ³n Tener sexo con una persona que no tiene edad para consentir o que, aà ºn tenià ©ndola, no se respete la provisià ³n de edad podrà ­a ser un delito de violacià ³n o de estupro. Las condenas por estos delitos pueden tener efectos penales y migratorios por constituir un felonà ­a agravada o un delito considerado inmoral o una falta, conocido en inglà ©s como misdemeanor. El nombre de esta felonà ­a o falta dependiendo del caso puede recibir diferentes nombres como rape,  estatutory rape, sexual assault, sexual misconduct, child molestation, corruption of a minor, etc. Dependiendo del estado y tambià ©n de las circunstancias de cada caso, la condena por puede ser castigad de cà ¡rcel y/o multa. El castigo es siempre mayor cuando mà ¡s grande sea la diferencia de edad entre la và ­ctima y el victimario. Ademà ¡s, una condena por esta causa puede tener consecuencias de deportacià ³n para los migrantes. Ademà ¡s,  tanto en los casos de delito o falta se puede ser condenado a ser incluido en el Registro de Delincuentes Sexuales (sex offenders). Si bien en algunos estados esto à ºltimo no es asà ­ cuando aplica la excepcià ³n que se conoce como Romeo y Julieta, que aplica a adolescentes (13-19 aà ±os) y que puede tambià ©n como defensa. Aplican la excepcià ³n de Romeo y Julieta en: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Carolina del Norte, Colorado, Connecticut, Dakota del Sur, Hawaii, Iowa, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Minnesota, Mississippi, Nueva Jersey, Nuevo Mà ©xico, Oregà ³n, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia Occidental, Washington y Wyoming. Cabe destacar que es siempre un delito mantener relaciones sexuales con un  menor que todavà ­a no ha alcanzado la edad de consentimiento segà ºn las leyes del estado en el que reside . Eso es asà ­ aunque el menor està © de acuerdo en tener esas relaciones porque, en realidad, no tiene capacidad legal para dar consentimiento. Ademà ¡s,  todos los casos en los que se tiene relaciones sexuales en los que una de las partes no consiente es un delito de violacià ³n forzada, que està ¡ castigado muy duramente por la ley. Esto es asà ­ cualquiera que sea la edad de la và ­ctima. Desde el punto de vista migratorio, es un delito agravado. Quà © hacer si se es và ­ctima de este delito de estupro La và ­ctima, sus padres o guardianes pueden acudir a la policà ­a o a la oficina de la Fiscalà ­a para poner fin a esta situacià ³n.   Ademà ¡s  està ¡n obligados a poner estos hechos en conocimiento de las autoridades maestros, mà ©dicos y demà ¡s profesionales que tengan conocimiento de ellos por su trabajo. Es importante que las và ­ctimas busquen todo el apoyo que necesiten, incluido el psicolà ³gico. Por à ºltimo  las và ­ctimas de asalto sexual que està ¡n en situacià ³n de indocumentadas podrà ­an recibir alivio migratorio. Acusado falsamente de estupro y la defensa de error de edad Ya que ser acusado de estupro es un cargo muy serio, toda persona acusada falsamente de una de estas acciones debe  contactar inmediatamente con un abogado penalista. Si ademà ¡s se està ¡ en Estados Unidos con un estatus distinto al de ciudadano, solicitar un letrado que tambià ©n tenga conocimientos migratorios. Ademà ¡s  tener en cuenta que algunos estados permiten la defensa de error de edad, cuando el menor puede parecer que es mayor de edad. Son los siguientes: Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Missouri, Montana, Nueva York, Pennsylvania, Virginia Occidental, Washington y Wyoming. Otras conductas delictivas sexuales a tener en cuenta En todos los estados es legal para los adolescentes ponerse de novios, abrazarse, darse la mano e incluso besarse. Pero en algunos estados es ilegal acciones como tocarse por debajo de la cintura, asà ­ sea por encima de la ropa, cuando se trate de relaciones entre una persona mayor de edad y otra menor de edad. Esto es lo que se conoce como 3ra base.   Quà © pueden hacer los padres cuando no està ¡n de acuerdo con el consentimiento sexual de los hijos No confundir la edad de consentimiento sexual con  la mayorà ­a de edad.  Son cosas diferentes. En la mayorà ­a de los estados la edad del consentimiento sexual es mà ¡s temprana que la mayorà ­a de edad. Esto significa que aunque los menores de edad  pueden tener la edad de consentimiento y pueden  querer tener sexo con una determinada persona, sus padres o guardianes pueden estar en contra. Y pueden impedirlo obteniendo una orden de alejamiento (restraining order) en contra de la persona que està ¡ manteniendo relaciones sexuales con su hijo/a menor de edad. Puntos clave: edad para consentimiento sexual La mayorà ­a de edad y la edad de consentimiento sexual pueden NO coincidir.Toda relacià ³n sexual antes de la edad de consentimiento es delitoLas relaciones sexuales por encima de la edad de consentimiento pueden ser delito o falta, si en el estado de residencia existe la provisià ³n de edad.Los padres pueden evitar las relaciones sexuales de un menor de edad en edad de consentir sexualmente mediante una orden de alejamientoUn delito o falta de estupro puede tener consecuencias penales, de multa, migratorias y de inclusià ³n en el Registro de Delincuentes Sexuales.Posibles defensas en caso de acusacià ³n de estupro: error de edad y, en algunos casos y para adolescentes, la defensa de Romeo y Julieta. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.